Nanomaterials for 2D and 3D Printing by Shlomo Magdassi Alexander Kamyshny & Alexander Kamyshny

Author:Shlomo Magdassi,Alexander Kamyshny & Alexander Kamyshny [Magdassi, Shlomo & Kamyshny, Alexander]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783527685806
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Published: 2017-02-08T00:00:00+00:00

Chapter 8

Graphene- and 2D Material-Based Thin-Film Printing

Jiantong Li, Max C. Lemme and Mikael Östling

8.1 Introduction

Printing is a process to reproduce patterns such as text and images. It played an important role in the development of the Renaissance and scientific revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses [1]. Recently, the traditional printing techniques have been applied in the emerging field – printed electronics. Through integration with functional electronic materials, such as metal nanoparticles, conducting polymer, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other 2D materials, printing techniques are employed to fabricate various intelligent components and smart systems for emerging electronics, including organic light-emitting diodes, displays, thin-film transistors, memories, batteries, and microelectromechanical systems [2–4]. Depending on the applications, the devices/components are printed on various substrates, such as silicon wafers, glass, plastics, and paper. The key to most applications is to print reliably and efficiently thin films of the electronic materials in predefined patterns and locations. Among the various printing techniques, inkjet printing receives great interest in the field of printed electronics. It prints patterns by ejecting ink droplets through nozzles onto substrates. In principle, it enables direct writing of patterned thin films of versatile materials (in the inks) at any arbitrary location on almost all kinds of substrates. This merit is attractive for emerging electronics where the devices are desired to be fabricated onto a certain substrate and directly integrated with other components. Inkjet printing is anticipated to play a more and more important role in printed electronics.

Meanwhile, the family of 2D materials, such as graphene and MoS2, has been attracting great attention in various research fields, including electronics, energy storage, sensing, and biology [5]. Their unique structure, single or few layers of atoms, enables the integration of a number of excellent properties. For instance, graphene (a layer of carbon atoms) is electrically and thermally conductive, optically transparent, and mechanically flexible. Besides, 2D materials typically possess extremely high specific surface area (e.g., the theoretical value of graphene is 2630 m2 g−1), a fascinating merit for energy storage applications. Furthermore, most 2D materials are compatible with liquid-phase fabrication. A variety of techniques have been developed to prepare liquid dispersions of the 2D materials, such as sonication-assisted exfoliation [6], electrochemical exfoliation [7], shear exfoliation [8], and chemical exfoliation (lithium intercalation) [9]. These techniques pave the way for the combination between the unique 2D materials and the promising inkjet printing technique to generate innovative applications [5, 10].

In this chapter, we mainly review the status of inkjet printing techniques of 2D material for thin-film fabrication. Despite a number of studies on thin-film printing of 2D materials in the literature, here we mainly include those that produce films with high resolution, high uniformity, and high performance, and/or with innovative applications. In the following sections, the procedures of inkjet printing of 2D materials (Section 8.2) are first introduced, followed by the discussion about the performance and applications of printed 2D materials (Section 8.3). This chapter ends with the summary of the present status and outlook for the future trend in the fields (Section 8.

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